Emerald's lush green has appeased souls and exited imaginations since ancient times. Its name comes from the Greek word for green, "Samaragdus". Mercury’s gem is the Emerald. It is one of the great five gems, known in Indian jargon as "pancharatna".

Mercury is impartial, evocative, delightful, and youthful. He is famous for ready wisdom, and the power of communication. Related to our respiratory system, nervous system, and speech, Mercury makes people more skillful, clever and delicate. He is shown riding a lion with an elephant's trunk which points towards the dual nature of Mercury, readily apparent in those with Gemini ascendant. The lion symbolizes wisdom and the Elephant memory. In his hands Mercury has a bow and arrow to shoot his target, a disc for Vishnu, and a conch for liberation. He is the sport loving prince of the Congregation of Gods.

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Emerald has been called Garoortyat, Haridararatnag Taakshyar, Marakat, Souperna and Soumya. In Persian it is known as Jarmurad, in Bengali, Paannaa, in Kannada Paachichalai. In Gujrat it is called Peeloo.

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The Emerald is a silicate of aluminum and beryllium. Emerald is a gemstone of green color belonging to the family of beryl gems. The Gemstone is rare as it is very difficult to find a flawless Emerald. Most Emeralds are defective, having a feather-like crack and inclusions. To find an emerald of rich green color, perfectly transparent, with a velvety reflection and high specific gravity is difficult. It is Chromium oxide, which gives the Emerald its green color that distinguishes it from other Beryls.
 

Most Emeralds have to be fracture-filled. An Emeralds appearance may change over time due to the instability of its filling material. Depending upon their condition emeralds may be treated by an experienced professional.